A suspected or confirmed case must be reported within 7 calendar days to Marin County Communicable Disease and Prevention Control (CDPC) Unit. Copies of laboratory reports must be submitted with case report.
For Clinicians:
Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases
In the past 5 years Marin County has had few confirmed cases of Lyme disease (1.3 cases per 100,000 person-years), which makes it a low-incidence Lyme disease area. Nationwide 95% of confirmed Lyme disease cases are reported from the 14 states that are considered high-incidence Lyme disease areas (i.e., Connecticut, New Jersey, and Virginia).
- In 2018, there were no confirmed cases of Lyme disease in Marin County.
- In 2019 there were 8 confirmed cases (3.1 cases per 100,000 person-years).
- In 2020 there were no confirmed cases of Lyme disease in Marin County.
- In 2021 there were 5 confirmed cases (2.0 cases per 100,000 person-years).
- In 2022 there were 3 confirmed cases (1.2 cases per 100,000 person-years).
Marin County Health and Human Services tests ticks through the regional Napa- Solano-Yolo-Marin County Public Health Laboratory. In 2022, only 1 of Western black-legged ticks (Ixodes pacificus) tested contained the bacteria (Borrelia burgdorferi) that can cause Lyme disease. Marin/Sonoma Mosquito & Vector Control also regularly tests ticks in Sonoma and Marin County, and an average of 3% of the ticks test positive (compared to more than 30% of ticks tested in Connecticut).
Ticks Submitted to the Napa-Solano-Yolo-Marin County Public Health Laboratory
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 639 | 418 | 347 | 221 | 321 | 1946 |
Negative | 632 | 410 | 342 | 221 | 320 | 1925 |
Positive | 7 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 21 |
% Positive | 1.09% | 1.91% | 1.44% | 0.00% | 0.30% | 1.07% |
*Note: Ticks are submitted by individual residents from various locations across the county, state, and nation. The total number tested reflect the number that were submitted, some are unable to be tested.
The western black legged tick (Ixodes pacificus) and other human biting ticks found in Marin County such as the Pacific Coast tick (Dermacentor occidentalis) may carry other tick-borne diseases. Because of tick-borne disease risk, residents are advised to take precautions to protect themselves from tick bites. Ticks feed by sticking their mouthparts into the skin of their host and sucking blood. Infections such as Lyme disease may be transmitted when the feeding tick is attached for at least a day. The risk of being bitten by ticks may be reduced with the following precautions:
- Wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts. Tuck pant legs into boots or socks and tuck shirts into pants.
- Wear light-colored clothing so ticks can be easily seen.
- Use a repellent registered for use against ticks; always follow label directions.
- Stay in the middle of a trail and avoid logs, tree trunks, trail margins, brush and grassy areas.
- Inspect yourself frequently while in tick habitat. Once out of tick habitat, thoroughly check your entire body and pets. Parents should examine their children, especially on the scalp and hairline.
- Shower and launder clothes soon after activity in tick habitat.
Tick Removal
To reduce the possibility of infection, remove attached ticks as soon as possible. Gently and firmly grasp the tick close to the head and pull it straight out, preferably with a tick tool or with fine-pointed tweezers. The person removing the tick should wash their hands before and after removal and apply antiseptic to the bite area. Insecticides, Vaseline, lighted matches or gasoline should not be used to remove ticks because these techniques are ineffective or unsafe. Anyone who develops symptoms after being bitten by a tick should consult their health care provider.
Because 24 to 48 hours of attachment to the host are required for infection to occur, early removal can help prevent disease. Painful redness that occurs less than 24 hours after a tick bite and does not expand is likely a local allergic reaction to the tick bite. Early Lyme disease also has a rash but the Lyme disease rash appears three to 30 days after the tick bite, is often painless, and spreads to greater than 5 cm in diameter. The spreading rash can be accompanied by flu like symptoms, such as fever and body aches. Lyme disease is treated with antibiotics and most patients recover without complications, particularly when the disease is diagnosed early.
Useful Lyme Disease Links
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Marin/Sonoma Mosquito & Vector Control provides vector management to reduce the risk of mosquito, tick and other vector borne diseases in Marin.
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Centers for Disease Control (CDC) - Lyme Disease information site
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Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Notice to Readers: Caution Regarding Testing for Lyme Disease
- California Department of Health Services Lyme Disease information site